Two common sources of foot pain or irritation are plantar warts and corns. While they may look similar, these conditions have distinct characteristics, causes, and treatments. Understanding the differences between plantar warts and corns is a fundamental first step toward addressing the issue effectively.
What Are Plantar Warts?
Plantar warts are small, rough growths that occur on the soles of the feet. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which infects the top layer of the skin. While the virus is not particularly aggressive, it thrives in warm and moist environments, such as gym floors, public showers, and swimming pool areas. These conditions make it easier for the virus to enter the skin through small cuts or abrasions on the feet.
Appearance and Symptoms
Plantar warts often appear as rough, grainy growths. They may have tiny black dots on them. These black dots are actually tiny, clotted blood vessels. The warts can grow individually or cluster together in what is called a mosaic wart formation. Plantar warts can cause discomfort or pain, especially when located in weight-bearing areas like the heel or ball of the foot. The pressure from walking or standing can press the wart inward, making the skin thick and calloused around the affected area.
What Are Corns?
Corns are areas of thickened skin that form as a response to repeated friction or pressure. Unlike plantar warts, corns are not caused by a virus but are instead a protective reaction by the skin to shield the underlying tissues. They are typically found on areas of the feet that rub against sources of friction.
Appearance and Symptoms
Corns are generally small, circular, and well-defined. They typically appear on the tops or sides of toes, often in response to tight or poorly fitting shoes. Corns might not always be painful, but they can cause discomfort when pressed or during activities like walking or wearing shoes. They are usually surrounded by normal, healthy skin.
Causes
The primary cause of corns is repetitive friction or pressure. This can occur as a result of wearing shoes that are too tight or have seams that rub the skin. Corns may also develop due to structural foot issues, such as hammertoes or bunions, which result in uneven pressure distribution across the foot.
How Are Warts Treated?
Plantar warts and corns require different approaches to treatment due to their unique causes. There are a variety of over-the-counter wart treatments available, many of which contain salicylic acid. This ingredient works by softening the tough skin layers of the wart, making it easier to remove. Treatments such as ointments or solutions are typically applied consistently over a period of weeks.
Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy is another common method used to treat plantar warts. This procedure involves the application of liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy the wart tissue. While cryotherapy is widely available in clinics, some over-the-counter products can be used at home as well, though they are generally less effective.
Prescription Treatment
If common treatments are not effective, a healthcare provider may prescribe stronger topical medications. Medications to boost the body’s immune response may also be an option. These approaches are particularly useful for stubborn or recurring plantar warts.
Meet With a Foot Specialist for Treatment
Both plantar warts and corns can cause discomfort, but knowing the difference between the two is key in deciding on the right approach for relief. If you’re unsure about the nature of a growth or experience persistent discomfort, consult a foot specialist for a professional evaluation and tailored advice. With proper care, you can address the concern effectively and get back to enjoying pain-free steps.
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