Hemorrhoids are a common source of discomfort for many adults. Recognizing the signs and knowing what to expect from diagnosis and treatment helps people make informed decisions about their digestive health. Here is how hemorrhoids are diagnosed, using everything from a colonoscopy to a physical examination, and how they’re treated:
What Are Hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins located around the anus or in the lower rectum. They may cause itching, pain, bleeding, or swelling in the affected area. While these symptoms are often manageable, they may become more uncomfortable.
Can a Colonoscopy Help Diagnose Hemorrhoids?
Diagnosis often begins with a discussion about your symptoms and a physical examination. A healthcare provider may check for external hemorrhoids and look for signs of irritation or swelling near the anus. For a more thorough evaluation, a digital rectal exam is sometimes performed, where a provider gently inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum.
A colonoscopy may be recommended if symptoms suggest an issue inside the rectum or lower colon. This procedure uses a thin, flexible tube with a camera to view the inside of the colon and rectum. A colonoscopy detects hemorrhoids and may uncover other causes of bleeding or discomfort, such as polyps or inflammation.
What Treatment Options Are There for Hemorrhoids?
Many treatment options are available, ranging from self-care steps at home to medical procedures when symptoms persist. Simple adjustments in daily habits often help relieve mild hemorrhoid symptoms:
- Increase fiber intake: Eating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains supports regular bowel movements, reducing strain.
- Drink plenty of water: Staying hydrated softens stools, making them easier to pass.
- Avoid prolonged sitting: Taking short breaks from sitting reduces pressure on the anal area.
- Practice good hygiene: Gently cleaning the area after bowel movements helps prevent irritation.
Pharmacies offer creams, ointments, and suppositories to ease itching and discomfort. These options may provide relief and are widely available without a prescription.
What Are the Medical Procedures?
Medical procedures are sometimes recommended if symptoms do not respond to lifestyle changes or medications. Recovery times and outcomes vary by procedure and individual differences. Common procedures include:
- Rubber band ligation: A doctor places a small rubber band around the base of an internal hemorrhoid to cut off its blood supply, causing it to shrink.
- Sclerotherapy: A solution is injected to shrink the hemorrhoid.
- Infrared or laser coagulation: Heat or light targets the hemorrhoid, leading to shrinkage.
- Surgical removal: For severe or persistent hemorrhoids, surgery may be an option.
When Should I Seek Help?
If you experience ongoing rectal bleeding, pain, or any changes in stool, reaching out to a healthcare professional is recommended. Only a qualified provider offers a diagnosis and guides you to the most suitable treatment plan. Early evaluation helps address discomfort and supports digestive health in the long run.
Final Thoughts
Dealing with hemorrhoids may be a significant challenge, but support and effective solutions are available. By understanding diagnosis procedures and exploring the range of treatment options, you equip yourself to manage symptoms and maintain comfort. Contact a healthcare provider for the best resource for guidance suited to your needs.
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